His maternal step-grandfather, White Man Runs Him, was a scout for US General George Armstrong Custer and an eyewitness to the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876. He was the last war chief of the Crow Nation and the last Plains Indian war chief. Medicine Crow was a founding member of the Traditional Circle of Indian Elders and Youth. In 2009, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Barack Obama. He received the Bronze Star Medal and the Légion d'honneur for his service during World War II. Medicine Crow was a World War II veteran, serving as a scout in the 103rd Infantry Division of the US Army. His writings on Native American history and reservation culture are considered seminal works, but he is best known for his writings and lectures concerning the Battle of the Little Bighorn of 1876. Joseph Medicine Crow (Octo– April 3, 2016) was a Native American writer, historian and war chief of the Crow Nation. Historian, war chief, anthropologist, author
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